Below we will review some basic definitions of telecommunications services, the basic terminology used in this industry. If you know other valuable terms and notions, or you would like to get to know some other not mentioned here, please, let us know, we will definitely add those to the list!
ATS (automatic telephone exchange) is a system of devices that provides automatic (without operator or telephonist) connection and maintenance of telephone communication between subscribers of the given automatic telephone exchange (and subscribers connected to other automatic telephone exchanges), using for this purpose special devices: telephone sets, faxes and etc.;
Short numbers – special telephone numbers that have a significantly shorter length than the standard telephone network numbers. They are used mainly to call emergency services and provide paid or free services. Unlike regular telephone numbers, they operate only within the fixed network or mobile operator network segment.
When a subscriber makes a call to a short number, the PBX operator changes it to a normal (“long”) number according to his own broadcast table.
Calls to short numbers are either free or have a cost significantly exceeding international tariffs;
The origination of traffic is the process of physical and/or logical start of the connection by which the voice signals of the calling party are converted into voice and other telecommunication messages transmitted to the called party via telecommunication networks;
Traffic termination is the process of physical and/or logical termination of a connection through which voice and other telecommunication messages from the calling party are converted on the called party into voice signals;
Gateway is a software and hardware tool used to convert data exchange protocols while missing and (or) terminating IP telephony traffic.
GSM-gateway is a device that allows connecting IP- and GSM-networks among themselves;
Fraud (fraud) is a fraud;
Fraud on telecommunication networks – the activities carried out by intruders, namely:
Hacking of client (enterprise) production automatic telephone exchanges;
The organization of negotiating points in violation of the contract with the telecommunications operator;
Violation of the order of traffic transmission on the telecommunication networks both from the operator side (operator fraud) and from the malefactors (unscrupulous subscribers);
roaming fraud;
cloning SIM cards, etc .;
violation of the order of traffic transmission on telecommunication networks (illegal (illegal) termination of voice traffic) – the subscriber and/or the person actually using the subscriber number, the activities for the transmission and / or termination of traffic in violation of the established procedure, including the use of unregistered software and hardware used to skip and terminate telephone traffic, including traffic IP-telephony;
SIM (Subscriber Identification Module) – the subscriber identification module used in mobile communications.
The main function of the SIM-card is the storage of identification information about the account, which allows the subscriber to easily and quickly change the cellular devices (devices), without changing their account, by rearranging their SIM-card to another phone (device).
To do this, the SIM card includes a microprocessor with special software and data with card identification keys (IMSI, Ki, etc.) written to the card at the stage of its production, used at the identification stage of the card (and subscriber) by the cellular mobile network communication;
SMS (Short Message Service) is a technology that allows you to receive and send short text messages using a cellular phone. SMS was created as part of the GSM Phase 1 standard.
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